中国春季土壤湿度与东亚夏季风的关系   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

乐益龙  罗勇  郭品文 《热带气象学报》2007,23(5):474-482

利用1981～2002年全国土壤湿度资料,利用相关分析发现东亚夏季风和河套地区及西南地区春季土壤湿度之间存在较大的正相关,利用这两个区域的春季土壤湿度定义了一个标准化春季土壤湿度指数（SMI）,结果发现：（1）SMI和东亚夏季风的强弱相关较好。高指数年东亚季风区低空西南夏季风气流和高层东风气流明显偏强,表明这一年夏季风偏强,低指数年则相反;（2）强SMI年,西太平洋副热带高压位置偏北,强度偏弱,西风扰动带偏北,有利于夏季风北推,不利于北方冷空气南下与之交汇,使得锋区偏北,位于华北、东北地区。弱SMI年则反之;（3）SMI能够较好地反映东部地区夏季降水,在强SMI年,长江流域降水明显偏少,而华北和河套地区的降水明显增多,而弱SMI年正好相反,这与东亚夏季风降水的环流形势也较为吻合（;4）SMI指数存在明显的4～6年和准2年的周期振荡,但其振幅和周期又有明显的周期变化。在对东亚夏季风强度的预报能力上,负的SMI对弱东亚夏季风的预报能力要强于正SMI对强东亚夏季风的预报能力。  相似文献   

"空中调水"设想的可行性研究     

高登义  蹇咏啸 《高原气象》2007,26(6):1311-1318

"空中调水"设想是改变雅鲁藏布大峡谷及其以北地形来改善向北水汽输送.根据气候资料和新建立的南亚季风指数,选择历史上最强的季风年,通过简便可行的计算方案来讨论这个设想在气象学上的可行性.初步诊断分析表明,在制约印度洋暖湿水汽通过雅鲁藏布大峡谷通道继续向北输送的因素中,地形阻碍固然重要,但与青藏高原地形有关的大尺度环流的辐合作用更为重要;而要改变大尺度环流则比改变局地地形更为困难.从气象学条件来看,即使改变了雅鲁藏布大峡谷及其以北地区的地形,也很难实现"空中调水"的设想.  相似文献   

夏季北半球极涡与南亚高压东西振荡的关系   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

陈永仁  李跃清 《高原气象》2007,26(5):1067-1076

利用合成分析、交叉谱和Morlet小波分析,讨论了夏季100 hPa极涡面积指数与南亚高压东西振荡间的关系。结果表明:极涡与南亚高压东伸指数之间存在显著的反相关关系,当极涡面积扩张时,南亚高压易偏西;当极涡面积收缩时,南亚高压则易东伸。交叉谱的结果也表明:二者在不同波数上,也具有显著关系,在7.5年及3年周期振动上,二者位相相差较小。同时,在南亚高压异常偏东及偏西年份,高度场、流场、温度场均有不同的配置形式,这在一定程度上反映了南亚高压偏东及偏西年不同的环流特征。  相似文献   

Central Configurations of the Symmetric Restricted 4-Body Problem     

Martha Alvarez-Ramírez  Joaquín Delgado 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2003,87(4):371-381

We consider the symmetric planar (3 + 1)-body problem with finite masses m ₁ = m ₂ = 1, m ₃ = µ and one small mass m ₄ = . We count the number of central configurations of the restricted case = 0, where the finite masses remain in an equilateral triangle configuration, by means of the bifurcation diagram with as the parameter. The diagram shows a folding bifurcation at a value consistent with that found numerically by Meyer [9] and it is shown that for small > 0 the bifurcation diagram persists, thus leading to an exact count of central configurations and a folding bifurcation for small m ₄ > 0.  相似文献   

南亚高压活动特征及其天气气候影响研究进展   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

陈永仁  李跃清 《气象科技》2008,36(2):174-179

南亚高压是夏季亚洲南部对流层上层和平流层底层的一个强大而稳定的大气活动中心,是副热带高压系统中的一个重要成员,它与夏季北半球大气环流和亚洲区域天气气候关系密切.关于南亚高压的研究,气象学者进行了很多研究工作,取得一些开创性成果,并逐渐认识到南亚高压的演变对北半球及我国天气气候的重要性.通过总结南亚高压的形成原因、结构,季节变化、年际变化、东西振荡及其对我国天气、气候的影响等方面的研究成果,简要回顾了近几十年极涡的研究及其与南亚高压的一些初步关系,指出这两个系统之间的相互作用、变化规律和异常特征存在的具体关系,是一个研究较少的重要问题,应加强这方面的研究.  相似文献   

Alkylbenzenes in mussels from South and South East Asian coasts as a molecular tool to assess sewage impact     

Tsutsumi S  Yamaguchi Y  Nishida I  Akiyama K  Zakaria MP  Takada H 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,45(1-12):325-331

Alkylbenzenes, molecular markers of sewage, were measured in 34 green mussels collected from India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and the Philippines together with blue mussels collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan. Linear alkylbenzene (LAB) concentrations in South and South East Asian countries ranged from 10 to 1640 ng-∑LAB/g-dry tissue. In some populous cities, LAB concentrations were similar or higher than those found in northern Tokyo Bay which is heavily impacted by sewage effluents. I/E ratios (a ratio of internal to external isomers of LABs) in the South and South East Asian countries (1–3) were much lower than those in Tokyo Bay (3–8), indicating sewage discharged in the coastal zone is poorly treated (e.g., raw sewage and/or primary effluents). Alkylbenzenes with branched alkyl chains, tetrapropylene-based alkylbenzenes, were also detected in mussels from Indonesia and Philippines. This “tell-tale” sign indicates that poorly degradable detergents are still in use in this area, although they have long been phased-out in many industrialized countries.  相似文献   

Ultrahigh-temperature Metamorphism (1150{degrees}C, 12 kbar) and Multistage Evolution of Mg-, Al-rich Granulites from the Central Highland Complex, Sri Lanka     

SAJEEV  K.; OSANAI  Y. 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(9):1821-1844

Mg- and Al-rich granulites of the central Highland Complex,Sri Lanka preserve a range of reaction textures indicative ofa multistage P–T history following an ultrahigh-temperaturemetamorphic peak. The granulites contain a near-peak assemblageof sapphirine–garnet–orthopyroxene–sillimanite–quartz–K-feldspar,which was later overprinted by intergrowth, symplectite andcorona textures involving orthopyroxene, sapphirine, cordieriteand spinel. Biotite-rims, kornerupine and orthopyroxene-rimson biotite are considered to be late assemblages. Thermobarometriccalculations yield an estimated P–T of at least 1100°Cand 12 kbar for the near-peak metamorphism. Isopleths of Al₂O₃in orthopyroxene are consistent with a peak temperature above1150°C. The P–T path consists of four segments. Initialisobaric cooling after peak metamorphism (Segment A), whichproduced the garnet–sapphirine–quartz assemblage,was followed by near-isothermal decompression at ultrahigh temperature(Segment B), which produced the multiphase symplectites. Furtherisobaric cooling (Segment C) resulted in the formation of biotiteand kornerupine, and late isothermal decompression (SegmentD) formed orthopyroxene rims on biotite. This evolution canbe correlated with similar P–T paths elsewhere, but thereare not yet sufficient geochronological and structural dataavailable from the Highland Complex to allow the tectonic implicationsto be fully assessed. KEY WORDS: central Highland Complex; granulites; multistage evolution; Sri Lanka; UHT metamorphism  相似文献   

Study on the crust-mantle structure in the central and southern parts of Shanxi   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHI-PING ZHU  JIAN-SHI ZHANG  CHENG-KE ZHANG  JIN-REN ZHAO  MING-QING LIU 《地震学报(英文版)》1999,12(1):46-54

Another comparative interpretation was conducted with respect to the data from 5 DSS profiles in the central and southern parts of Shanxi, leading to the conclusion that in Linxian, Linfen and Xingtai earthquake regions, through which the five profiles pass, there exist anomalous crust-mantle structure and abyssal crustal faults extending to Moho, all being regarded as the deep indications for earthquake occurrence.  相似文献   

Linkage between the second uplifting of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau and the initiation of the Asian monsoon system   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Yafeng Shi  Maocang Tang  Yuzhen Ma 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1999,42(3):303-312

During the period from 25 to 17 Ma BP, when the second plateau uplifting, i.e. the second phase of the Himalaya movement, occurred, the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau reached an altitude high enough to chbge the situation of the general circulation. Such an effect of the plateau on the atmospheric circulation was accompanied by the warrning of the tropical ocean, the enhancement of the cross equatorial current, the enlargement of the marginal sea basins in the east-southeastern Asia, the westward extending of the Asian continent and the regression of the Paratethys Sea. As a result, the thermal difference was enlarged, and the air currents were enhanced between continents and oceans; finally the Asian monsoon system, mainly the summer monsoon, was initiated. The former planet wind system was then substituted by the monsoon system, and this caused the important environmental changes, such as the large shrinkage of the dry steppe in Central Asia, and the extension of the humid forest zone in East Asia. Thme changes have been dated at 21.8 Ma BP on the Lingxia profile in the northeastern border of the Tibet Plateau, when the savanna was transformed into the forest. Project supported by the National Climbing Project and Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZ951-A1-204)  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF VARIATION OF WINTER SEA-ICE AREA IN KARA AND BARENTS SEAS ON EAST ASIA WINTER MONSOON^*          下载免费PDF全文

Wu Bingyi  Huang Ronghui  Gao Dengyi 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1999,13(2):141-153

By analyzing the observation data and performing the numerical simulation tests,it is shown that the Kara and the Barents Sea area is a key region to influence climate variation over the Northern Hemisphere.The variation of winter sea-ice area in the key region is closely associated with that of the EU teleconnection pattern at 500 hPa and East Asia winter monsoon(EAWM) intensity.When a heavy sea-ice prevails in the key region,the EU teleconnection pattern at 500 hPa is excited easily(there are positive 500 hPa height anomalies over around Japan and West Europe),and winter Siberia high is weakened,meanwhile,sea level pressure(SLP) has positive anomalies over the Northern Pacific.Therefore,EAWM will be weakened,winter temperature over East Asia is above normal and the frequency of cold-air activity in February in China will be decreased.When the light sea-ice occurs in the key region,the results will be opposite.  相似文献